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GK Update

Sun 27 Apr, 2025

National News

121st Episode of 'Mann Ki Baat'

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the 121st episode of 'Mann Ki Baat' on April 27, 2025.
  • In this episode, he expressed deep condolences over the terrorist attack that took place in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, on April 22, and described it as an act of cowardice by terrorists.

'Mann Ki Baat' Program:

  • It is a monthly radio program presented by Prime Minister Narendra Modi
  • Objective: To communicate with the general public and raise awareness on various social issues
  • First aired: 3 October 2014
  • Broadcast: Last Sunday of every month
  • 100th episode: Aired on 30 April 2023
  • January 2015 episode: US President Barack Obama also participated

‘Bharat: An Aerial View Competition’

  • Broadcast Engineering Consultants India Limited (BECIL) organized the 'Bharat: An Aerial View Competition'.
  • To promote inclusive participation, two categories were included in the competition.

Related Facts:

  1. Open Category: Open to all Indian citizens including filmmakers, students, hobbyists, professionals and drone enthusiasts.
  2. Drone Didi Category: For women trained under initiatives like the Namo Drone Didi Yojana, which aims to empower women in rural and semi-urban areas through drone training.

Guidelines and Portal for ECMS

  • Union Minister for Electronics and Information Technology, Ashwini Vaishnaw, launched the guidelines and portal for the Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS).

Related Facts:

  • The Union Cabinet approved the Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS) on 8th April 2025.
  • Objective of the Scheme: To develop a strong component ecosystem by attracting large-scale investments (global/domestic) in the electronics component manufacturing ecosystem, enhance domestic value addition (DVA) by developing capacity and capabilities and integrate Indian companies with global value chains (GVCs)
  • Scheme Budget Outlay: ₹22,919 crore
  • Scheme Period: 6 years (1 year of maturity period) i.e. from FY 2025-26 to FY 2031-32
  • The scheme offers various financial incentives, such as: (a) Turnover-linked incentive (b) Capex-linked incentive (c) Hybrid incentive [i.e. combination of both (a) and (b)]

Advisory Issued for Media Channels

  • The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has issued an advisory to all media channels, advising them not to broadcast live coverage of defense operations and the movement of security forces in the interest of national security.

Related facts:

  • The advisory lays down eight key directives, asking the media to exercise restraint, avoid source-based news, and strictly follow existing laws and regulations. The move comes in the wake of heightened tensions between India and Pakistan following the Pahalgam terror attack.
  • The ministry cited past incidents like the Kargil war, 26/11 Mumbai attacks and the Kandahar hijacking to say that live coverage had harmed national interests.

International News

Major Deal Between India and France

  • India and France will sign a deal worth ₹63,000 crore for Rafale-M fighter jets on Monday, April 28, 2025, in New Delhi, between senior officials of the Ministry of Defence and the French Ambassador to India.
  • Under this agreement, India will purchase 26 Rafale-Naval (Rafale-M) fighter aircraft from France, including 22 single-seater and 4 twin-seater trainer aircraft.
These jets will be deployed on Indian Navy aircraft carriers like INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant, significantly enhancing the Navy's aerial combat capabilities.

Christian Catholic Religious Leader Pope Francis

 

  • The body of Christian Catholic religious leader Pope Francis was laid to rest at the Santa Maria Maggiore Basilica in Rome.
  • Pope Francis passed away on April 21, 2025.

Science and Technology

Minimally Invasive Surgery

  • The Ophthalmology Department of the Army Hospital (Research and Referral) achieved a first for the Armed Forces by performing minimally invasive glaucoma surgery using a 3D microscope.
  • This three-dimensional visualization system is highly useful for various ophthalmic surgeries, including treatments for squint, cataract, cornea, glaucoma, and retinal disorders.

Related Facts:

Surgery:

  • A medical procedure that involves making an incision in a part of the body to perform treatment, such as removing diseased tissue, transplanting an organ, or repairing an injury.
  • Father of Surgery: Sushruta

Glaucoma:

  • An eye disease that damages the optic nerve, leading to permanent loss of vision
  • Types: Open-angle glaucoma, Closed-angle glaucoma, Normal-tension glaucoma, Congenital glaucoma

Economy and Banking

Stake in nuclear power plants

  •  India will allow foreign companies to take up to 49% stake in its nuclear power plants.
  • The move is being taken to attract foreign investment in the country's nuclear power sector and meet its target of increasing nuclear power capacity from the current around 8 gigawatts to 100 gigawatts by 2047.

Related Facts:

  • According to the Department of Atomic Energy, foreign companies including Westinghouse Electric, GE-Hitachi, Electricité de France and Rosatom are interested in participating in the country's nuclear power projects as technology partners, suppliers, contractors and service providers.
  • Indian groups including Reliance Industries, Tata Power, Adani Power and Vedanta Ltd have also held discussions with the government to invest about $26 billion in the nuclear power sector.

Art and Culture

Kailash Mansarovar Yatra

  • On April 26, 2025, India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) announced the resumption of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra after a gap of five years.
  • The pilgrimage will be conducted between June and August 2025, and a total of 750 pilgrims will be permitted to participate.

Related Facts:

  • Kailash Mansarovar: It is a sacred religious place, located in Tibet (China).
  • This place is highly revered by Hindus, Buddhists, Jains and Bon religion followers.
  • It is also called the "center of the earth".

Religious significance:

  • Hinduism: Kailash is considered to be the abode of Lord Shiva and Mother Parvati. Bathing in Mansarovar and circumambulating Kailash is said to be the path to salvation.
  • Buddhism: It is called "Kang Rinpoche" and is worshipped as a symbol of Buddhahood.
  • Jainism: Jain Tirthankara Rishabhdev (Adinath) attained enlightenment here.
  • Bonpo religion: Kailash is also considered sacred in ancient Tibetan religion.

Reports and Indexes

'Poverty and Equity Brief'

  • The World Bank has released the 'Poverty and Equity Brief' report.

According to the report:

  • India has lifted 171 million people out of extreme poverty between 2011-12 and 2022-23.
  • The rate of extreme poverty has declined from 18.4% to 2.8% in rural areas and from 10.7% to 1.1% in urban areas during this period, narrowing the rural-urban poverty gap from 7.7 percentage points to 1.7 percentage points. This represents a decline of about 16% per year.
  • India has now joined the ranks of lower-middle income countries, where the poverty rate at the $3.65 per day poverty line has declined from 61.8% to 28.1%, lifting 378 million people out of poverty. Rural poverty has declined from 69% to 32.5% and urban poverty has declined from 43.5% to 17.2%

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