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18 February, 2025
Over 6 Lakh Cases Identified in the 100-Day TB Control Campaign
Wed 12 Mar, 2025
Reference:
- According to data released by the Ministry of Health, Government of India, over 6 lakh TB cases were identified under the 100-day intensive TB elimination campaign by March 2025. Out of these, 4.3 lakh people were diagnosed across 455 high-burden districts in 33 states and union territories.
- The objective of this campaign was to detect undiagnosed TB cases, ensure early diagnosis, and provide effective treatment.
Key Points:
- Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Jagat Prakash Nadda, launched the 100-day intensive TB-free India campaign on December 7, 2024.
- As part of this campaign, X-ray screening was introduced as an effective tool for identifying high-risk TB patients, promoting early detection.
- Under the Nikshay Poshan Yojana, the monthly financial assistance was increased from ₹500 to ₹1,000 per month.
- The Nikshay Mitra Yojana (a voluntary program allowing individuals and organizations to provide additional nutritional support during TB treatment) was expanded to cover not only TB patients but also their family members.
New Strategy:
- Ultra-portable hand-held X-ray machines were used to make screening faster and more accessible.
- Door-to-door screening campaigns were conducted to identify potential TB cases at an early stage.
Special Risk Groups Identified for Screening:
- Individuals with diabetes
- Smokers
- Heavy alcohol consumers
- HIV-infected individuals
- People with a history of TB
- Elderly citizens
- Household contacts of TB patients
Screening Process:
- First Phase: Both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals were screened using X-rays.
- Second Phase: Cases with a high probability of TB were confirmed using Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAAT).
India's Progress in TB Control: Key Achievements and Statistics
- India has the world’s largest TB epidemic, making it a major public health concern.
- According to the World Health Organization (WHO), TB incidence in India declined by 17.7% from 2015 to 2023.
- This decline is more than twice the global average of 8.3%.
- During the same period, India’s TB mortality rate also decreased by 18%.
Tuberculosis (TB): General Information
| Category | Details |
| Type of Disease | Infectious disease, primarily affecting the lungs but can also infect other organs (bones, kidneys, brain, etc.). |
| Cause | Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| Mode of Transmission | Airborne; spreads through close contact with an infected person. |
| Risk Factors | High population density, poor ventilation, weak immune system (HIV, diabetes, etc.). |
| Symptoms | - Persistent cough (with sputum or blood)
- Chest pain - Weakness and weight loss - Fever and night sweats |
| Types of TB | 1. Active TB – Symptoms are visible, and it is contagious.
2. Latent TB – The bacteria remain inactive in the body, showing no symptoms and not spreading to others. |
| Diagnosis | - Microscopic sputum test
- TB skin test (Mantoux test) - Chest X-ray - TB culture test |
| Global Situation | - Annual Cases – 10 million people affected worldwide every year.
- Mortality Rate – 1.5 million deaths annually (highest among infectious diseases). - High-Risk Groups – HIV-infected individuals, people in low- and middle-income countries. - Major Affected Countries – India, Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, South Africa. |
| Key TB Medications | - Isoniazid (INH)
- Rifampicin (RIF) - Delamanid |
| TB Elimination Goals | - India’s Goal – Eliminate TB by 2025.
- Global Goal – Eliminate TB by 2030. |
| World TB Day | March 24 (Observed to raise awareness and promote TB elimination efforts). |