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GK Update

Wed 09 Oct, 2024

National News

Humsafar Policy

  • Union Minister Nitin Gadkari launched the ‘Humsafar Policy’ in New Delhi to improve travel convenience on national highways and boost the development of wayside amenities.

About NHAI

  • Estb: 1988
  • Statutory Body
  • Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

PM visit to Vientiane

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi will visit Vientiane, Laos, on a two-day trip starting on the 10th. He will attend the 21st ASEAN-India Summit and the 19th East Asia Summit, with Laos as the ASEAN Chair.

About ASEAN

  • Estb: 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration).
  • Total Countries: 10
  • Regional intergovernmental organisation of 10 Southeast Asian countries
  • Name of Countries: Brunei Darussalam, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam 

New GST office building

  • Union Minister of State for Finance, Shri Pankaj Chaudhary, inaugurated the new GST office building in Nangal Raya, Delhi.

About GST

  • Introduced through 101st CAA Act, 2016
  • Value-added tax levied on most goods and services
  • Applicable On supply side
  • Destination based Taxation
  • Types: Central GST (CGST), State GST (SGST) and Integrated GST (IGST)

GST Council

  • Article 279A - GST Council to be formed by the President
  • Chairman: Union Finance Minister of India
  • Centre has 1/3rd voting power and the states have 2/3rd.
  • Decisions are taken by 3/4th majority

First State Finance Secretaries Conference

  • The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India, Girish Chandra Murmu, held the first State Finance Secretaries Conference in New Delhi.

About CAG

  • Independent and Constitutional Body
  • CAG of India: Girish Chandra Murmu
  • Article 148: CAG appointment, oath and conditions of service.
  • Article 149: Duties and Powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
  • Article 150: Accounts of the Union and of the States shall be kept in such form as the President may, on the advice of the CAG, prescribe.
  • Article 151: Reports of CAG relating to the accounts of the Union shall be submitted to the president, who shall cause them to be laid before each House of Parliament.

10 New ESIC Medical Colleges

  • Labour and Employment Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya announced the establishment of ten new Employee’s State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) medical colleges during the 194th ESIC Meeting in New Delhi.

About ESIC

Formed: 24 February 1952 HQ: New Delhi Parent department: Ministry of Labour and Employment

International News

“UAE Stands with Lebanon” Campaign

  • The UAE has launched a nationwide campaign, “The UAE Stands with Lebanon,” to support Lebanon, running from October 8 to 21, 2024.

About UAE

  • Capital: Abu Dhabi
  • Currency: Dirham
  • Bordering Countries: Saudi Arabia, Oman
  • Situated in Arab Peninsula

UNFPA recognized India’s  progress in Maternal Health and Family Planning

  • The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) recognized India’s significant progress in Maternal Health and Family Planning. Dr. Natalia Kanem, Executive Director of UNFPA, honoured Union Health Secretary Smt. Punya Salila Srivastava with a plaque and certificate.

About UNFPA

Founded: 1969 HQ: New York , United States President: Fernando Carrera

State Special

Telangana appointed a judicial commission on SC sub-categorisation

  • In Telangana, the Cabinet Sub-Committee on SC sub-categorisation has decided to recommend appointing a judicial commission to study sub-classification within SC reserved categories.

About Telangana

  • Founded: 2 June 2014
  • Highest Peak: Doli Gutta
  • Longest River: Godavari
  • State Animal: Jinka (Deer)
  • State Bird: Palapitta
  • Shares Border: 4 States
  • Major Tribes: Savara, Konda Dora, Gadaba, Gonda, Manne Dora, Mukha Dora and Koya etc.
  • National Parks: Mrugavani, Mahavir Harina Vanasthali, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy
  • Famous Folk Dances: Perini Sivatandavam, Lamadi, Dhimsa Dance, Gussadi dance, Dappu dance etc.

Ustad Allauddin Khan Festival

  • In Madhya Pradesh, the Ustad Allauddin Khan Festival begins in Maihar, marking its golden jubilee.

Major Festivals of Madhya Pradesh

Lokrang Festival, Gwalior Trade Fair, Tansen Music Festival, Nimar Utsav, Jal Mahotsav, Maa Narmada Jayanti Festival, Ghadlya (earthen pot) festival, Mandu Festival

Awas Sakhi Mobile App

  • Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan participated in the Rural Self Employment Programme in Madhya Pradesh. He launched the Awas Sakhi Mobile App, inaugurated 100 Community Managed Training Centres (CMTCs) in 18 states, laid the foundation for 500 km of roads under PMGSY, and approved 5 new RSETI training centres in Madhya Pradesh.

About Madhya Pradesh

  • Highest Peak: Dhupgarh
  • Longest River: Narmada
  • Foundation Day: 1 Nov 1956
  • Main Tribal Groups: Bhil, Gond, Kol and Korku, Sahariya, Baiga, Bharia, Sour and Pardhan etc.
  • Major Folk Dances: Baredi Nritya, Karma Nritya, Gondi Nritya, Baiga Karma, Ghodi Nritya, Tejaji Ki Katha, Bhila Bhagoria, Kathi Nritya, Gan Gaur Nritya, Moriya Nritya, Dola Maru, Dhim Aryaee, Saila Nritya, Dadariya Nritya, Gond Karma, Badhai Nritya

Elections Result of J&K and Haryana

  • In Haryana, BJP won 48 assembly seats, Congress secured 37, Indian National Lok Dal got 2, and Independents won 3 seats.
  • In Jammu and Kashmir, National Conference won 42 seats, its ally Indian National Congress secured 6, and Bharatiya Janata Party bagged 29 seats out of 90.

Economy and Banking

Highlights of Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)

  • The RBI Monetary Policy Committee kept the policy rate unchanged at 6.5% for the 10th consecutive time.
  • Shaktikanta Das announced that the RBI has shifted its monetary policy stance to 'neutral' from 'withdrawal of accommodation.'
  • The MPC has projected a real GDP growth of 7.2% for 2024-25.

Monetary Policy Committee (MPC): 

  • Works according to RBI Act 1934
  • Chairperson: RBI Governor (Shaktikanta Das)
  • Consist of 6 Members 
  • Required to meet at least 4 times in a year.
  • Quorum Required to hold a meeting: 4 members 

What is Repo Rate?

  • The Rate at which RBI lends money to commercial banks and financial institutions in India against government securities.

Various Policy Stances

Accommodative

  • Central bank is willing to cut the interest rates, to expand the money supply to boost economic growth.

Neutral

  • A ‘neutral stance’ suggests that the central bank can either cut rate or increase rate.

Hawkish

  • Central bank is willing to hike interest rates to curb money supply and thus reduce the demand. 

Calibrated Tightening

  • It means the central bank may not go for a rate increase in every policy meeting but the overall policy stance is tilted towards a rate hike.

World Bank provided a ₹15,000-crore loan for the construction of Amaravati

  • Andhra Pradesh CM N. Chandrababu Naidu announced that the World Bank has agreed to provide a ₹15,000-crore loan for the construction of Amaravati.

About World Bank

  • Estb: 1944
  • President: Ajay Banga
  • HQ: Washington D.C
  • Reports: Ease of Doing Business, Global Economic Prospects, Global Financial Development Report, Poverty and Shared Prosperity, World Development Reports Remittance Report, Universal Health Coverage Index

$300 million for the WHO's core programs from 2025 to 2028

  • India, the sixth-largest global contributor to World  Health Organisation  (WHO)'s core funding, has committed over $300 million for the organisation's core programs from 2025 to 2028.

 Atal Pension Yojana

  • According to data from the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority, Atal Pension Yojana enrollments have crossed seven crore, with over 56 lakh added this fiscal year.

Atal Pension Yojana

  • Social Security Scheme
  • Launched: 9 May 2015
  • Nodal Agency: PFRDA
  • Fixed Pension: 1000rs to 5000rs
  • Eligible Age: 18-40 Years
  • Pension Age: After 60 Years

Jubilant Ingrevia's Gujarat facility

  • Jubilant Ingrevia's Gujarat facility joined the World Economic Forum's Global Lighthouse Network, recognizing its AI-driven manufacturing innovation.

WEF

  • Founded: 1971
  • Founder: Klaus Schwab
  • HQ: Cologny, Switzerland
  • Reports: Travel and Tourism Competitiveness, Global Competitiveness Report, Global Environment Performance Index, World Power Language Index, Human Capital Index, Global Gender Gap Index

Science and Tech

Health Labour Market Analysis

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Health Labour Market Analysis (HLMA) tool to assist Africa in evaluating health workforce education, supply, and demand.

About WHO

  • Estb: 7 April 1948
  • HQ: Geneva, Switzerland
  • Director-General: Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
  • Report: World Tuberculosis Report, Ambient Air pollution Report

Bhartiya Antriksh Station by 2035

  • Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) plans to launch the Bhartiya Antriksh Station by 2035, with five modules built in phases. The first, the Base Module, is set for launch in 2028.

Bhartiya Antriksh Station

  • It will be built by India and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
  • Expected to be completed by 2035.
  • It will have a mass of 20 tonnes and will be used for microgravity experiments.
  • It will orbit Earth at an altitude of around 400 km.

PSLV C-37 Mission

  • The Indian Space Research  Organisation (ISRO) confirmed that the upper stage of the PSLV C-37 mission re-entered Earth's atmosphere on October 6th.

About ISRO

Estb: 15 Aug 1969 HQ: Bengaluru Chairman: Shri S. Somnath

WHO declared India as trachoma-free

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared India trachoma-free, making it the third country in Southeast Asia to eliminate it as a public health problem. The certification was given at the Regional Committee meeting in New Delhi.

About Trachoma

Caused by: Bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis Can cause blindness & leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide:

Defence

Ex Malabar-2024

  • The Malabar-2024 naval fleet exercise was flagged off at the Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam, with the navies of Australia, Japan, and the U.S. participating in both harbour and sea phases along India's Eastern seaboard.

About Malabar Exercise

  • Started in 1992 as a bilateral naval drill between the United States and Indian Navy
  • Japan and Australia first participated in 2007,
  • Defence Exercise between Navies of the Quad (Quadrilateral Framework) Nations (India, the United States, Japan, and Australia)

Miscellaneous

WMO's State of Global Water Resources Report

  • The year 2023 was the driest for global rivers in 33 years, according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)'s State of Global Water Resources report, highlighting severe stress on water supplies.

About WMO

Founded: 23 March 1950 HQ: Geneva, Switzerland President: Abdulla Al Mandous

Awards and Honour

Nobel Prize 2024

  • The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks.

About Nobel Prize

  • Established by Alfred Nobel in his will in 1895.
  • The first Nobel Prize Award Ceremony in 1901 at the Royal Academy of Music in Stockholm.
  • In 1968, the Sveriges Riksbank established the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. 

Nobel Prize Awarded by different institutions

  • Physics and Chemistry: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
  • Physiology or Medicine: Selected by the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet 
  • Literature: Selected by the Swedish Academy  
  • Peace: Selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee  
  • Economic Sciences: Selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Important Days

World Post Day

  • World Post Day is celebrated on October 9 each year, marking the anniversary of the Universal Postal Union's establishment in 1874 in Bern, Switzerland.
Theme: '150 years of enabling communication and empowering peoples across nations'.

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